Review Sheet for VT 1181,"Life on Earth: Conquest of the Waters"
1. Sea squirts (tunicates) take in water from the _____________, filter feed with ___________________,
and squirt water out their ____________________________________.
2. The tail of a larval sea squirt contains a _______________________________________ ( notochord).
3. A lancelet (amphioxus) swims with _____________________________________________________.
4. A lancelet filter feeds by_____________________________________________________________.
5. Larval lampreys are similar to lancelets in that they _______________, although many adult lampreys
become parasitic.
6. The hagfish, a lamprey relative, lives in the ____________________________________________.
7. Both a lamprey and a hagfish lack ___ ________________________________________________.
8. Ostracoderm (armored fish) fossils from 400 million years ago show a relatedness to lampreys. T F
9. Ancient seabeds can be found on what is now dry land. T F
10. A major advance seen in fossil fish from about 400 million years ago are ______________________.
These allowed fish to become _________________________________________________________.
11. Sharks have two large sensory pits in the front of their head known as _________________________.
12. Sharks are ____________than water, so that when they stop swimming they tend to ______________.
13. Two main features in the transition between shark and ray are:
14. In contrast to sharks, most rays tend to live _____________________________________________.
15. Some animals, such as the _____________ ray, use their lateral fins for what slow-moving form of
food intake?________________________________________________________________________
16. Filter feeding at the surface has two major advantages (list), which can allow for large-sized animals.
17. How large can a basking shark become? ________________________________________________
18. In contrast to the cartilaginous fishes of Class Chondrichthyes, primitive members of Class
Osteichthyes such as the paddlefish have a skeleton made of ________________________________.
19. Another primitive bony fish with bony, armor-like scales is a ________________________________.
We know the eggs of this fish as _______________________________________________________.
20. Millions of years ago, the bony fish invaded fresh water. The water of rivers and lakes tends be
warmer and hence contain less ____________________________________dissolved in it.
21. Some fresh water fish such as Polypterus (the bichir) overcome this problem by:
22. A pouch off of the gut seen in bony fish is called a _______________________. This allows control
over _______________________________________________.
23. The ___________________________________ seen in fish is sensitive to changes in water pressure.
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This web page last updated on January 28, 2000